Going to

Intention

We use the special going to construction when we have the intention to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision before speaking. Look at these examples:

  • I have won $1,000. I am going to buy a new TV.
  • We're not going to see my mother tomorrow.
  • When are you going to go on holiday?

In these examples, we had an intention or plan before speaking. The decision was made before we spoke.

Prediction

We often use going to to make a prediction about the future. Our prediction is based on evidence. We are saying what seems sure to happen. Here are some examples:

  • The sky is very black. It is going to snow.
  • It's 8.30! You're going to miss the train!
  • I crashed the company car. My boss isn't going to be very happy!

In these examples, the present situation (black sky/the time/damaged car) gives us a good idea of what is going to happen.

  • We use will for prediction when we have no real evidence: "It will rain tomorrow." (It's my feeling but I can't be sure.)
  • We use going to for prediction when there is some real evidence: "It's going to rain." (There's a big, black cloud in the sky and if it doesn't rain I'll be very surprised.)

Going to

Going to is not a tense. It is a special expression to talk about the future.

Structure of Going to

The structure is:

subject + be + going + infinitive

The verb be is conjugated (past, present or future).

  subject be (not) going infinitive  
+ I am   going to buy a new car.
+ I'm   going to go swimming.
- He is not going to take the exam.
- It isn't going to rain.  
? Are you   going to paint the house?

Use of Going to

Going to - intention

We use going to when we have the intention to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision before speaking. Look at these examples:

  • Jo has won the lottery. He says he's going to buy a Porsche.
  • We're not going to paint our bedroom tomorrow.
  • When are you going to go on holiday?

In these examples, we had an intention or plan before speaking. The decision was made before speaking.

Going to - prediction

We often use going to to make a prediction about the future. Our prediction is based on present evidence. We are saying what we think will happen. Here are some examples:

  • The sky is very black. It's going to snow.
  • It's 8.30! You're going to miss the train!
  • I crashed the company car. My boss isn't going to be very happy!

In these examples, the present situation (black sky, the time, damaged car) gives us a good idea of what is going to happen.

 

Future Time Quiz

1 Maybe out for dinner tonight.
2 I think the dog for a walk now.
3 I have 3 days off next week. visit my mother.
4 The clouds are very black. snow.
5 We the laundry tomorrow.
6 Alexander taking his driver's test next week.
7 The bus at 7:30 sharp.
8 Tomorrow the weekend.
9 Don't get up. the phone.
10 My plane at 3:00 PM on Sunday.